file:: [MLE23_paper_5_1691614582934_0.pdf](../assets/MLE23_paper_5_1691614582934_0.pdf) file-path:: ../assets/MLE23_paper_5_1691614582934_0.pdf - Gamification refers to the application of gaming concepts in non-playful contexts to encourage engagement with a product or service. ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 1 hl-color:: green id:: 64d40103-8628-4400-af63-34aca8e4e855 - hese systems are based on a set of rules defined by game designers, who specify the conditions that must be met to evolve the state of a game and the associated consequence ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 1 hl-color:: green id:: 64d40150-ffc7-48df-8129-7a32fb4023c4 - Gameful systems ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 1 hl-color:: purple id:: 64d5e3f4-35e0-4643-8308-7b04ecac7bea - certain limitations that can give rise to undesirable or unforeseen behaviors ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 1 hl-color:: yellow id:: 64d5e497-5abc-4119-ab0b-024c2e696662 - entire rule lifecycle process ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 1 hl-color:: green id:: 64d5e4b7-ada6-4100-9485-f73f5f849c76 - asy-to-use ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 1 hl-color:: yellow id:: 64d5e4c7-2804-4832-b1fe-a7825c3823d5 - simple ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 1 hl-color:: yellow id:: 64d5e4de-f518-4dae-bef0-105f7abd9be9 - gamification can incentivize and motivate individuals to adopt more sustainable habits and lifestyles ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 1 hl-color:: green id:: 64d5e501-3caa-44cf-bd44-fb5f206929f7 - enhance the sense of community and collective action towards sustainability ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 1 hl-color:: purple id:: 64d5e50f-2ca1-4480-b590-17835cbf2d32 - Rules play a critical role in gamification as they define the boundaries, constraints, and objectives of the gam ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 1 hl-color:: purple id:: 64d5e54f-f58f-4d50-aa73-eeb5633457d4 - ame designers can guide the players’ behavior, motivate them to take specific actions, and provide feedback on their performance ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 1 hl-color:: purple id:: 64d5e559-a0e3-4206-8bba-0223c138d7c2 - gamification elements ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 1 hl-color:: blue id:: 64d5e574-cf07-4a8c-bde5-f39810c05c5e - Drools ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 1 hl-color:: purple id:: 64d5e58c-c324-4f9a-b297-50b3947cc33d - he Left Hand Side that describes the conditions to met for their execution and the Right Hand Side that corresponds to the actual consequences of the rules on the state of the game ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 1 hl-color:: yellow id:: 64d5e59c-ba5c-4d60-8833-e0314737bf63 - Applicant ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 2 hl-color:: yellow id:: 64d5e5fb-fa4e-4ac0-bc5f-017bef20dbf9 - important gap between their domain’s knowledge and their coding skills ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 2 hl-color:: purple id:: 64d5e633-b4cc-4792-8216-47b194184440 - Moreover, the rules definition is not followed by a well structured testing phase that allows a prior verification of their semantic correctness, this means that some rules don’t work as expected resulting in users dissatisfaction and complaints. ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 2 hl-color:: yellow id:: 64d5e666-6da1-4fd2-a87b-2817552b270a - Using a domain-specific language (DSL) to specify gamification rules can provide several advantages over using a more general-purpose languag ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 2 hl-color:: yellow id:: 64d5e6c1-048e-4691-8e31-f39fb2859d10 - A welldesigned DSL can include built-in checks and constraints that ensure that the rules are consistent and coherent, and that they conform to best practices and industry standards ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 2 hl-color:: yellow id:: 64d5e77a-2c20-46c1-abb4-3d68cbb41e74 - actual limitation ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 2 hl-color:: yellow id:: 64d5e7b0-0c7d-4e09-9ccb-6401c2b3e8ed - DSL4GaR ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 2 hl-color:: purple id:: 64d5e7f4-7897-4a7d-88ed-e5556fe039ca - a graph representing the evolution of the state of a gam ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 2 hl-color:: green id:: 64d5e823-1f58-49e1-a3c8-0040998c470a - erify the correctness of the defined rules ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 2 hl-color:: yellow id:: 64d5e830-9c66-44df-85fb-050a973d9fdb hl-stamp:: 1691740219127 - verify their possible interference ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 2 hl-color:: yellow id:: 64d5e855-ebd7-47c2-aa54-3d0b5c82da59 - drawbacks ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 2 hl-color:: yellow id:: 64d5e8b5-d50f-40d6-97a6-33b51b725dbf - chained executions of the rules and their possible interference ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 2 hl-color:: yellow id:: 64d5e902-7d0b-4a66-87f9-7e12d1ebc223 - guiding the designers during the process to avoid error ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 3 hl-color:: green id:: 64d5e951-47be-4451-be6c-310c80e1b7dd - effective tool to permit rules simulation ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 3 hl-color:: green id:: 64d5e957-b06b-4f65-8f67-eb90f8ff5dc5 - erify the actual changes ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 3 hl-color:: green id:: 64d5e960-3b21-418f-af6f-7bb62f0c7bd0 - one or more rule are triggered, for example, by the same facts. ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 3 hl-color:: green id:: 64d5e971-4a29-43ec-af1a-b7b8c7df659d - asy-to-use APIs ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 3 hl-color:: green id:: 64d5e9a5-e475-4f3e-aff0-3fec7edc16d9 - test the rules and verify their outcomes; ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 3 hl-color:: yellow id:: 64d5ea49-20a0-4e4d-9004-247bdb0a38d3 hl-stamp:: 1691740808747 - easily ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 3 hl-color:: yellow id:: 64d5ea50-f4bb-4c32-acf2-c2625f03f0e0 - During the simulation the designers can also define a list of assertions on the game’s state that are automatically verified during the process; if something unexpected happens, the graph reports the encountered errors and the relative unverified assertion ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 3 hl-color:: green id:: 64d5eab5-3321-459c-83c3-3e929dd0e8d4 - Fig. 1: Game state transitions. ls-type:: annotation hl-page:: 3 hl-color:: yellow id:: 64d5eaf2-76c3-4075-bbd0-97c589b96f80